VITAMIN A
Vitamin A is a fat soluble vitamin. In order for Vitamin A to be
taken-in properly by the digestive system, fats must be present.
This vitamin stays in the body longer than most so it is not
necessary to take it everyday. There are two types of Vitamin A:
Retinol and Provitamin A. It is most commonly measured in IU
(International Units).
WHAT VITAMIN A DOES Vitamin A promotes good eyesight. It is useful
in treating skin problems such as boils, blemishes and acne. Vitamin
stimulates bone growth and strengthens gums, teeth, fingernails,
toenails and hair follicles. Vitamin A is important in fortifying
the outer membranes and protective linings of vital organs such as
the intestines, lungs, and bladder.
SIGNS OF VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY Without enough Vitamin A, several
problems can arise. Eye problems, fatigue, higher susceptibility to
infections, and skin problems are all signs of a deficiency. The
disease Xerophthalmia (whose symptoms include total loss of night
vision) can result from not getting enough Vitamin A.
FOOD CONTAINING VITAMIN A The following foods contain ample amounts
of Vitamin A: Carrots, yellow and green vegetables, dairy foods like
margarine and milk, yellow fruits, liver and eggs.
TAKING VITAMIN A
5,000 IU of Vitamin A is the average daily dosage for adults. This
can be taken in multi-vitamin form or single supplements. It is
recommended that half of the dosage be taken in the morning and the
other half at night. Vitamin A need only be taken four days a week.
INHIBITORS OF VITAMIN A Carotene containing polyunsaturated-fats
prevent Vitamin A from being absorbed and working properly.
VITAMIN C
Vitamin C is also known as cevitamin acid or ascorbic acid. It is a
water soluble vitamin that is crucial for bodily health. Humans need
to ingest Vitamin C because they are one of a few animals that do
not synthesize it naturally.
What Vitamin C does
Vitamin C has numerous beneficial effects. It is useful in fending
off common colds. Vitamin C can lower cholesterol, decrease the
number and size of blood clots in veins, help prevent infections
(both viral and bacterial), aid in the healing of all wounds and
accelerate recovery after surgery. It is also an all-natural
laxative.
Signs of Vitamin C deficiency
Several problems can occur due to a lack of Vitmain C. Loss of
appetite, fatigue, chronic nosebleeds, and gastrointestinal problems
are the most common symptoms.
Food containing Vitamin C Luckily, Vitamin C is one of the most
naturally attainable substances there are. All Citrus fruits contain
plenty of Vitamin C. It is also found in potatoes (sweet and
regular), berries, tomatoes, cauliflower, and leafy vegetables.
There is no known cases of Vitamin C toxicity, but excessive amounts
may cause stomach and urinary problems.
Taking Vitamin C
Vitamin C is almost always included in all
multi-vitamins, and it has a wide array of other supplemental forms:
powder, liquid, shakes, chewable tablets, and capsules just to name
a few. The best supplements will contain an entire C complex (which
will be labeled) consisting of bioflavinoids, rutin, and hesperidin.
Average daily doses for adults range from 500 mg. to 2 g. per day.
Inhibitors of Vitamin C Cigarette smoke destroys Vitamin C and is
its worst enemy. Water, heat from cooking, and light are other
inhibitors of Vitamin C.
VITAMIN D3
Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin. An interesting fact is that,
aside from ingestion, Vitamin D can be absorbed through sunlight. It
is measured in IU (International Units).
What Vitamin D does It helps the body utilize phosphorus and calcium
effectively which in turn promotes healthy bones. Vitamin D can
fight off colds beautifully when taken with Vitamin A and Vitamin C.
Signs of Vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin D is very necessary in the
body. Severe problems can arise from not getting enough. Tooth
decay, senile osteporis, ostemalacia, and rickets are common severe
symptoms of Vitamin D deficiency.
Food containing Vitamin D
All dairy products are good sources of
Vitamin D (especially milk). It is also found in many fish foods
such as sardines, tuna, and salmon.
Taking Vitamin D
It can be taken in daily pill form by itself or as
part of a multi-vitamin. 500 to 1,000 IU is the average dose for an
adult. Taking 20,000 IU or more for days on end can produce toxic
effects.
Inhibitors of Vitamin D The only things that can truly deplete or
counteract Vitamin D are smoke, smog, and oils derived from
minerals.
VITAMIN E
Vitamin E is a fat soluble antioxidant. It is taken in by the heart,
muslces, pituitary and adrenal glands, the liver, and fatty tissue.
It is measured in IU (International Units).
What Vitamin E does Vitamin E Prolongs the effects of aging since it
oxidates cells. It provides for aerobic endurance because it helps
oxygen reach all cells more easily. It is an anticoagulant (blood
clot preventitve). Vitamin E is also very useful in treating burns.
Signs of Vitamin E deficiency Red blood cell destruction is a good
indicator of a Vitamin E deficiency. Another sign is muscle
degeneration and atrophy. Finally, anemias and reproductive
disorders can result from not getting enough Vitamin E.
Food containing Vitamin E
Whole grains and wheat germ are good
natural sources of Vitamin E. Other foods containg Vitmain E include
soybeans, eggs, whole grain cereals, broccoli, brussel sprouts, and
spinach.
Taking Vitamin E
Vitamin E is basically nontoxic. It can be taken in
oil-based capsules or in a water-soluble tablets (like
multi-vitamins). 200 to 1,200 IU is the daily average dose for
adults.
Inhibitors of Vitamin E
Iron and chlorine will cancel out the
effects of Vitamin E. It is aslo susceptible to extreme hot or cold,
oxygen, and food processing techniques.
VITAMIN B1
Vitamin B1 is water soluble. It is best to take equal amounts of all
the B-Vitamins, since they work better together rather than
separately. Vitamin B1 is advantageous because it helps the body
process and produce ATP (a body-energy chemical).
What VITAMIN B1 Does
Vitamin B1 maintains normality of heart, muscle, and nervous system
functions. It helps the body digest carbohydrates more efficiently.
Vitamin B1 has also been proven to promote positive mental attitudes
and even fight car and sea sickness in recent studies. Vitamin B1 is
sometimes used to relieve tooth and gum pain after dental surgery.
Signs of VITAMIN B1 Deficiency
There are several signs of a Vitamin B1 deficiency. Irregular
heartbeat, fatigue (including Chronic Fatigue Syndrome), and
digestion problems are all indicators that a person may not be
getting enough of this vitamin.
Food containing VITAMIN B1
Vitamin
B1 is found in a variety of foods. Nuts and grains, such as regular
oatmeal, whole wheat, and peanuts contain Vitamin B1. Other foods
containing it include bran muffins, milk, dried yeast, and pork
products.
Taking VITAMIN B1
25 mg is the average dose for an adult. Vitamin B1
should be taken with Vitamins B2 and B6 if possible. This forms a
B-complex that is highly beneficial to the human body. Most
multi-vitamins will contain this important complex.
Inhibitors of VITAMIN B1
There are a few things to avoid in order to
get the most out of Vitamin B1. Caffeine, alcohol, and heat from
cooking can counteract and deplete this vitamin.
VITAMIN B2
Vitamin B2 is water soluble. It is sometimes called Vitamin G. Like
all B-Vitamins it must be taken daily because it is excreted rapidly
from the body. Vitamin B2 is the most common vitamin for people to
have a deficiency of.
What VITAMIN B2 Does
Vitamin B2 assists the body in all types of growth and reproduction.
It is necessary for the production of red blood-cells and
antibodies. It helps heal the sores (particularly on the gums, lips
and tongue). It has positive affects on vision and prevents fatigue
of the eyes. Vitamin B2 also produces healthy nails, skin cells, and
hair follicles.
Signs of VITAMIN B2 Deficiency
A disease sometimes caused by a lack
of Vitamin B2 is Ariboflavinosis. Symptoms of this disease are oral
and genital lesions. Other signs of deficiency are frequnt illness
and poor skin, hair, and nails.
Foods containing VITAMIN B2
Dairy products such as cheese, eggs and milk contain Vitamin B2. It
is also found in fish, liver, beans and green vegetables.
Taking VITAMIN B2
100 mg of Vitamin B2 is adequate for the average
adult. Vitamin B2 can be part of a highly beneficial B-complex made
up of Vitamins B1, B2, and B6. When taken as part of the complex it
is most efficient.
Inhibitors of VITAMIN B2
Vitamin B2 can be inhibited by Alcohol,
estrogen, light (mainly UV light) and alkalies. Be sure to avoid
these elements to ensure that Vitamin B2 works properly.
VITAMIN B3
Niacin is water soluble member of the B-family of vitamins. It is
sometimes called B3. Niacin is generally measured in mg
(milligrams).
What Niacin does
Niacin has many beneficial effects. It can fight off
gastrointestinal problems and lead to proper digestion. Because of
this it can increase energy, since food nutrients will be reaching
all the cells of the body. Niacin is essential for a properly
functioning nervous system, and it helps produce sex hormones.
Signs of Niacin deficiency a disease known as Pellegra can result
from not getting enough Niacin. Other signs include: bad breath,
diarrhea, and nervousness.
Food containing Niacin
Niacin can be botained through many different
types of food. Meats such as liver, lean meat, kindey, fish, and
poultry are all good sources of Niacin. It is also found in whole
wheat, wheat germ, peanuts, and yeast. Avacados, figs, and prunes
also contain some Niacin.
Taking Niacin
It is available in most supplements, such as
multi-vitamins. It is called Niacin and/or Niacinamide. The dosage
contained in supplements will vary. 50 to 100 mg. is a good daily
amount for most adults. There is no toxcity level, only side effects
that can occur with doses higher than 100 mg.
Inhibitors of Niacin
Niacin has a few inhibitors that should be
avoided so its full potential can be realized. Alcohol and estrogen
are two major enemies of Niacin. Food processing methods, excessive
water, and certain sleeping pillscan also prevent its positive
effects.
VITAMIN B6
Vitamin B6 is water soluble. It is a combination of pyridoxine,
pyridoxinal, and pyridoxamine which form and function together
closely. It should be taken daily like other B-vitamins because it
is used up approximately 8 hours after consumption.
What VITAMIN
B6 Does
Vitamin B6 helps the body take in fats and proteins. It
assists the body in the converting tryptophan into niacin (a crucial
product that aids the body in the functions of the nervous and
circulatory systems). Vitamin B6 is also known to prevent skin and
nerve disorders.
Signs of
VITAMIN B6 Deficiency
Several
diseases are indicators of a deficiency of B6 such as Anemia,
Seborrheic Dermatitis, and Glottisis. Other symptoms of deficiency
include muscle cramps, nervousness and oral sores.
Food
containing VITAMIN B6
Dairy products such as cheese, eggs, and milk
contain Vitamin B6. It is also found in Cabbage, Cantaloupe, kidney
meat, beef, wheat germ and bran.
Taking VITAMIN
B6
Vitamin B6 should be taken in small doses. About 1.5 - 2 mg per
day is sufficient for most adults. Vitamin B6 can be part of a
highly beneficial B-complex made up of Vitamins B1, B2, and B6. When
taken as part of the complex it is most efficient. The complex is
found in most multi-vitamins.
Inhibitors of
VITAMIN B6
Several elements can be enemies to Vitamin B6. Alcohol,
light, acids (found in soft drinks and candy), alkalies, sleeping
pills, and estrogen all pose threats to this vitamin.
FOLIC ACID
Folic Acid is a water soluble member of the B family of vitamins. It
is essential for the formation of red blood cells. It is measured in
mcg (micrograms.
What Folic acid does
Folic Acid stimulates lactation in females. It is a natural pain
analgesic. Folic Acid also fights off intestinal parasites and helps
to prevent food poisoning. It is also known to delay the graying of
hair.
Signs of Folic acid deficiency
One disorder that can result from a
lack of Folic acid is Nutritional Macrocytic Anemia. Other symptoms
include gastrointestinal problems and a decline in red blood cell
procduction.
Food containing Folic acid
There are several natural sources of
Folic acid. Green leafy vegetables, avacados, apricots, carrots, and
pumpkins are all rich in Folic acid. It is also found in whole
wheat, dark rye flour, certain yeasts, beans, egg yolks, and liver.
Taking Folic acid
Folic acid is usually found in multi-vitamins,
especially B-complex ones. It is mainly taken in pill form. 400 mcg.
is the most common amount per pill and is the average daily dose for
an adult. 1 mg. or higher doses are only available with
prescriptions. There are no known toxic effects.
Inhibitors of Folic acid
Folic acid has several enemies. Estrogen,
heat from boiling, excessive water, sulfa drugs, sunlight, and food
processing can all counteract the effects of Folic acid.
VITAMIN B12
Vitamin B12 is water soluble. It is measured in mcg (micrograms)
because it is efficient in minuscule doses. Vitamin B12 is the only
Vitamin that includes essential mineral elements. In order for
Vitamin B12 to be absorbed and work properly in the body it needs to
be accompanied by calcium.
What VITAMIN B12 Does
Vitamin B12 makes the body use lipids,
proteins, and carbohydrates properly. It is important for the
production and regeneration of red blood cells. Vitamin B12 can
increase energy and improve short-term memory, concentration, and
physical balance.
Signs of VITAMIN B12 Deficiency
Body odor, heart palpitations, and
menstrual problems are all indicators of a Vitamin B12 deficiency.
Serious problems that can arise from a lack of Vitamin B12 are brain
damage and pernicious Anemia.
Food containing VITAMIN B12
Vitamin B12 is found is dairy products
like cheese, eggs, and milk. It is also found in meats such as
kidney, liver, beef, and pork. It is not found in plants.
Taking VITAMIN B12
2.5 mcg is an ample dose of Vitamin B12 for an
adult. However, Vitamin B12 isn't easily absorbed and should be
taken with calcium and/or in a time-release formula.
Inhibitors of VITAMIN B12
Vitamin B12 can be counteracted by acids, alkalines, light (UV light in particular), estrogen, alcohol, and
sleeping pills.
BIOTIN
Biotin (or vitamin H) is a water soluble member of the family of
B-vitamins. It is measured in micrograms. Biotin is required for the
synthesis of ascorbic acid.
What Biotin does
Biotin aids in healthy hair and skin pigmentation.
It is useful in preventing baldness, dermatitis and eczema. It is
also known to ease muscle pain.
Signs of Biotin deficiency
Severe eczema, the inability to
metabolize fat, and over-exhaustion are signs of a Biotin
deficiency.
Food containing Biotin
Almost all fruits and nuts contain Biotin.
Liver, beef, and kidney are all meats that contain Biotin. It is
also found in dairy products, such as eggs and milk.
Taking Biotin
50 to 200 mcg. of Biotin is the average dose for an
adult. It can be found in most multivitamins, especially those
containing B-Vitamins.
Inhibitors of Biotin
Avidin (found in raw eggs) is the worst enemy
of Biotin because it is a protein that effectively prevents the
absorption of it. Other inhibitors of Biotin are: alcohol, estrogen,
and sulfa drugs.
VITAMIN B5
Calcium Pantothenate is a water soluble member of the B-family of
vitamins. It is necessary for helping the adrenal gland work
effectively, converting food into energy, building and rebuilding
cells, and stimulating growth.
What Calcium Pantothenate does
Calcium Pantothenate helps produce antibodies (which fight
infections), counteracts the negative effects of drugs and
antibiotics, and aids in the healing of most wounds. It has also
been known to prevent fatigue and reduce cases of mental and
physical shock ( such as major surgery or traumatic experiences).
Signs of Calcium Pantothenate deficiency
Hypoglycemia is a common
disease that can result from a lack of Calcium Pantothenate. Skin
diseases and disorders, and Duodenal ulcers are other signs of
deficiency.
Food containing Calcium Pantothenate
Calcium Pantothenate is found
in many meats, such as beef, kidney meat, liver, and heart. It is
also found in whole grain, bran muffins, wheat germ, most nuts,
poultry, green vegetables, and yeast.
Taking Calcium Pantothenate
Calcium Pantothenate is usually found in
mutli-vitamins or at least B-complex supplements. 20 to 200 mg. is
the range of common dosage for adults. Calcium Pantothenate is not
known to be toxic at all.
Inhibitors of Calcium Pantothenate
Calcium Pantothenate is destroyed
by techniques such as canning food or adding preservatives. Alcohol,
Estrogen, and heat are other inhibitors or Calcium Pantothenate.
CALCIUM
Calcium, or lime is the most abundant mineral in the body. Almost
all of the calcium is found in the bones, where it provides strength
and stability to the whole system. A small quantity of calcium is
always carried in the blood stream, where it helps to prevent
serious haemorrhages. It constitutes 1.5-2 percent of the body
weight of an adult human. There is a dynamic equilibrium between the
calcium in the blood and in the skeleton; this equilibrium is
maintained by the interaction of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and
probably calcitonin. The calcium in the plasma is present in three
forms: * About 40 percent of the calcium is combined with the plasma
proteins and in this form is non-diffusible through the capillary
membrane. * About 10 percent of the calcium is diffusible through
the capillary membrane but is combined with other substances of the
plasma and interstitial fluids in such a manner that it is not
ionized. * The remaining 50 percent of the calcium in the plasma is
both diffusible through the capillary membrane and ionized Thus the
plasma and interstitial fluids have a normal calcium ion
concentration of about 1.2 mmol/litre. This ionic calcium is the
calcium form that is important for the effect of calcium on the
heart, the nervous system and bone formation. Sources of calcium
Calcium is readily available from many sources. By far the best
natural sources are milk and milk products e.g. cheese, curd, eggs
and fish. A liter of cow’s milk provides about 1200 mg of calcium
and human milk about 300-mg. calcium occurs in milk as calcium
caseinogenate, which is readily assimilated by the body. The
cheapest dietary sources are green leafy vegetables, cereals and
millets. The limiting factor in the complete absorption of calcium
from green leafy vegetables is the presence of oxalic acid with
which calcium forms an insoluble compound; calcium oxalate, which
interferes with the absorption of calcium Ragi, is a rich source of
calcium. Rice is very deficient in calcium. The bioavailability of
calcium from cereals is poor because of the presence of phytic acid,
which forms an insoluble compound with calcium, calcium phytate.
Other sources of calcium are peas, beans, soybeans, lentils, and
potatoes. An additional source of calcium is drinking water, which
may provide up to 200 mg/day. Some fruits e.g. Sitaphal contain good
amount of calcium. In other words, any well balanced diet usually
has sufficient calcium to meet our needs. People who are well
supplied with calcium during their childhood years not only live
longer but also are less likely to develop some of the more serious
disease of later life. However, calcium cannot be absorbed unless we
have an adequate supply of vitamin D in the diet. Benefits of
calcium Ionized calcium in the plasma has many important functions
including formation of bones and teeth, coagulation of blood,
contraction of muscles, cardiac action, milk production, relay of
electrical and chemical messages that arrive at a cell’s membrane to
the biochemical machinery within the cell, keeping the membranes of
the cell intact and in the metabolism of enzymes and hormones. It
also plays a crucial role in the transformation of light to
electrical impulses in the retina. In the bones, two minerals,
calcium and phosphorus, are combined to give strength and firmness
to the skeleton or bony structure of the body. Many chemical
reactions of the body require both calcium and phosphorus. Hence
there is a constant interchange of these minerals between the bones
and the blood stream. Young mothers need extra calcium, particularly
during pregnancy and the nursing period. Calcium is important for
children and young people whose bones are growing rapidly. It acts
best with In the body there is a close chemical relationship between
calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D. a deficiency of any of these may
produce a serious disturbance in the framework of the body. In
children this disease is known as rickets. In adults it is called as
osteomalacia. Overall, about 20-30 percent of dietary calcium is
normally absorbed. Absorption of calcium is increased by vitamin D
and decreased by the presence of phytates, oxalates and fatty acids
in the diet. Calcium absorption is regulated to some extent by the
body’s need Deficiency symptoms No clear-cut disease due to calcium
deficiency has ever been observed even under conditions of low
intake. It has been established that if the intake of vitamin D is
adequate, the problems of rickets and osteomalacia do not arise even
with low calcium intake. When the calcium level in the body drops
below a safe level, the nerves become extremely irritable and the
muscles go into spasms. Crampy pains may be felt in various parts of
the body, particularly in the larger muscles of the legs. When the
calcium is reduced in the blood stream, the heart quickly loses its
power, becomes irregular, and may even stop beating altogether.
Infants with rickets are restless at night and tend to sleep poorly.
The constant movement of the head on the pillow may wear off the
hair. If this disease continues, the child’s normal development is
retarded. He suffers from marked weakness in the bones, and there is
considerable delay in his sitting up, crawling and walking. The
weight of his body may bend the bones and joints out of shape,
causing such deformities as bowlegs, pigeon breast, and knock-knees.
Deficiency of calcium also results in a disease known as tetany. It
also causes seizures because of its action of increasing
excitability in the brain. Daily requirement A daily intake of 400
to 500 mg of calcium has been suggested for adults. The
physiological requirements are higher in children, expectant and
nursing mothers. Effects of excessive intake of calcium When the
level of calcium in the body fluids rises above normal, the nervous
system is depressed, and reflex activities of the central nervous
system can become sluggish. Also increased calcium ion concentration
decreases the QT interval of the heart and causes constipation and
lack of appetite, probably because of the depressed contractility of
the muscle walls of the gastrointestinal tract.
Coral Calcium Benefits
Over 35% of the body's mineral composition
consists of calcium. Besides forming strong bones and teeth, and
preventing osteoporosis in older people, calcium is used by every
human body organ, in nerves, muscles - even the heart, and is vital
to all bodily functions. Besides degenerative diseases like
osteoporosis, the mineral calcium has been identified by
nutritionists to fight cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and
even heart disease. The benefits of Coral Calcium are endless.
Even sea animals feed off the vegetation down
there. Sea vegetation has been known to help with carb diets,
maintain a good percent of calcium, and the best part, it has been
used by other cultures for hundreds of years.
Sea vegetation has been used for healing, heart
problems, as a food source, and more. So when you put it all
together and get down to it, eating sea vegetation, which you
usually picture as slimy and green, is better for you then eating a
hamburger and fries.
The natural chemicals and elements in sea plants
are able to almost completely counter heart problems. It has been
researched and proven that sea plants were able to keep people from
even having heart attacks in old age. The sea plants are actually
able to take out the toxins that cause heart problems and dispose of
them before they are able to start tearing up your heart. Now sea
plants are not able to do that all the time, but for someone who has
a strong diet of sea plants is less likely to have heart problems
then someone who takes medicine for it.
Experts recommend that you choose calcium
supplements that are known brand names with proven reliability. Our
calcium products are absorbed easily by the body.
Coral Calcium Benefits
Coral calcium restores your alkalinity and builds
your immune system so you can help your body to regenerate good
health.
Provides essential calcium to help maintain bone
integrity and health.
Coral calcium doesn't cure disease; it simply
helps regulate pH levels, which helps maintain good health.
Supports mineral levels in the body, especially
with regard to natural hormonal fluctuations.
Helps the body detoxify and cleanse itself and
helps to protect your body from free radical damage.
Contains trace minerals similar to the human
skeleton.
Coral calcium is bio-available, which means you
can't take too much. What your body doesn't need it expels.
Breaks down heavy metals and drug residues in your
body.
Neutralizes harmful acids that can lead to
disease.
Coral Information - Benefits of Coral Minerals
Coral has gained an impressive reputation as a health supplement
capable of delivering seemingly miraculous health improvements. So
many totally different health problems are relieved with coral
supplements that it begs the questions: How can this be? How does
coral work? The answer is found in the availability and
absorbability of the minerals that are naturally present in the
coral.
The populations of modern society are experiencing a virtual
epidemic of mineral deficiency. The farming soil has been stripped
of minerals through unsustainable farming practices and soil
erosion. If the minerals are no longer in the soil, they are not in
the foods. If the minerals are not in the foods, they are not in our
body. Over 150 different diseases have been linked to mineral
deficiency. Many of these deficiencies are with the trace minerals
and are virtually impossible for a doctor to diagnose.
Coral naturally contains every mineral found in the human body in
similar proportions as the human body. Coral minerals are one of the
most effective ways to put minerals into the blood because of the
high absorbability of the minerals. There are four main reasons the
coral minerals are so highly absorbable:
a. Full Spectrum
b. Organic
c. Ionic
d. Synergistic
With the coral minerals being available as a complete spectrum
and all 74 individual minerals being highly absorbable by the body,
two main health-building functions are achieved:
1. As specific trace mineral deficiencies are fulfilled the
health ailment caused by that mineral deficiency is relieved. These
ailments can be virtually anything from a persistent skin rash to
high blood pressure.
2. As the bio-available calcium and other alkalizing minerals get
into the blood and the cells the body pH begins to return to the
natural slightly alkaline level. Most disease thrives in an acidic
environment. Maintaining a healthy pH may help in the recovery from
a degenerative disease but more importantly, a degenerative disease
has difficulty ever getting started in an alkaline environment.
Full Spectrum Benefits of Coral Minerals
Every mineral needs other minerals to support it in order to do
its job effectively. And each supporting mineral needs other
minerals to support them. Hence minerals work best in a complex,
such as coral, where every mineral is present in a natural balance.
The mineral wheel diagram shows how some of the minerals are
related and need each other. Imagine the complexity of the diagram
if all 74 of the coral minerals were shown.
mineral wheel diagram
Organic Benefits of Coral Minerals
Coral minerals are organic in the sense that they have been
previously digested by an animal. It is very difficult for the human
body to digest inorganic minerals (similar to eating little rocks).
Having been previously digested by the coral polyp, coral minerals
are readily absorbable by the human body.
coral polyp
Ionic Benefits of Coral Minerals
Coral minerals possess the natural ability to go ionic upon
contact with moisture. When coral powder is placed in solution the
minerals go into an ionic state. Ionic means that these elements
gain or loose electrons producing a positive or negative charge.
This change in charge increases the attraction between the minerals
and the oppositely charged receptors.
atomic diagram
Synergistic Benefits of Coral Minerals
Coral is naturally synergistic with the human body. This is
evidenced by the medical practice of using pieces of coral in bone
graphs. Orthopedic surgeons use coral in bone graphs because the
body readily accepts the coral and the various muscles and tendons
grow into the coral structure as if it were actual human bone.
MAGNESIUM
Magnesium is a constituent of bones and is present in all body
cells. Human adult body contains about 25 g of magnesium of which
about half is found in the skeleton. It appears that magnesium is
essential for the normal metabolism of calcium and potassium.
Magnesium deficiency may occur in chronic alcoholics, cirrhosis of
liver, toxemias of pregnancy, protein energy malnutrition and
malabsorption syndrome. The principal clinical features attributed
to magnesium deficiency are irritability, tetany hyperreflexia and
occasionally hyperreflexia. Requirements are estimated to be about
200-300 mg/day for adults. Sources of Magnesium: Green vegetables
such as spinach are good sources of magnesium because the center of
the chlorophyll molecule (which gives green vegetables their color)
contains magnesium. Some legumes (beans and peas), nuts and seeds,
and whole, unrefined grains are also good sources of magnesium.
Refined grains are generally low in magnesium. When white flour is
refined and processed, the magnesium-rich germ and bran are removed.
Bread made from whole grain wheat flour provides more magnesium than
bread made from white refined flour. Tap water can be a source of
magnesium, but the amount varies according to the water supply.
Water that naturally contains more minerals is described as "hard".
"Hard" water contains more magnesium than "soft" water. Eating a
wide variety of legumes, nuts, whole grains, and vegetables are good
sources of magnesium. Absorption: From the upper part of the small
intestine. Mg ions are absorbed with great difficulty. It forms
insoluble phosphate like calcium. Hence the principles that apply
for Ca absorption are also applicable for Mg. Distribution: 1. Blood
– whole blood 3 mgm, plasma 2.5 mgm, corpuscles 3.5 mgm per 100 ml.
Distribution of Ca and Mg in blood is generally opposite. Calcium
remains almost wholly in plasma and very little in the cells, while
Mg is mostly found in the cells and less in plasma. 2. Bones – 70%
of the Mg of the body is present in the bones as phosphates.
3.Voluntary muscles - about 0.02% (Ca – 0.007%). 4. Chlorophyll – it
is the green pigment of plants. It is a porphyrin derivative of
magnesium. Excretion: in urine, 0.1-0.2 gm in 24hours. It is
generally not excreted through the large gut. Mg content of faeces
largely represents unabsorbed Mg. of diet. Metabolism of Mg is
probably controlled by adrenal cortex directly or indirectly.
Benefits of Magnesium * Forms bone of tooth. * Activates of enzymes
Mg ions activate the enzyme phosphates. It accelerates the action of
bone phosphates. * Takes part in the chemistry of muscular
contraction – Mg is a member of a complex coenzymes system takes
part in the chemical changes under lying muscular contraction. It
may be that here it also helps the action of muscle phosphates. *
Antagonistic to calcium ion – The distribution and function of Mg
ion is generally antagonistic to calcium ion. Deficiency symptoms of
Magnesium: In man vascular disturbances, hyperexcitability,
convulsions and ultimately death. Something tetany develops and is
known as Mg-tetany. If Ca intake is increased the effect of Mg
deficiency becomes very severe. Chronic or excessive vomiting and
diarrhea may also result in magnesium depletion Healthy kidneys are
able to limit urinary excretion of magnesium to compensate for low
dietary intake. However, excessive loss of magnesium in urine can be
a side effect of some medications and can also occur in cases of
poorly controlled diabetes and alcohol abuse Early signs of
magnesium deficiency include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting,
fatigue, and weakness. As magnesium deficiency worsens, numbness,
tingling, muscle contractions and cramps, seizures, personality
changes, abnormal heart rhythms, and coronary spasms can occur
Severe magnesium deficiency can result in low levels of calcium in
the blood (hypocalcaemia). Magnesium deficiency is also associated
with low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia). Many of
these symptoms are general and can result from a variety of medical
conditions other than magnesium deficiency. It is important that a
physician should evaluate health complaints and problems so that
appropriate care can be given. Who need more? Some medicines may
result in magnesium deficiency, such as diuretics, antibiotics, and
medications used to treat cancer. Therefore people on such drugs
need extra magnesium. Individuals with poorly controlled diabetes
may benefit from magnesium supplements because of increased
magnesium loss in urine associated with hyperglycemia. Magnesium
supplementation may be indicated for persons with alcoholism. Low
blood levels of magnesium occur in 30% to 60% of alcoholics, and in
nearly 90% of patients experiencing alcohol withdrawal Individuals
with chronic malabsorptive problems such as Crohn's disease, gluten
sensitive enteropathy, regional enteritis, and intestinal surgery
may lose magnesium through diarrhea and fat malabsorption.
Individuals with these conditions may need supplemental magnesium.
Individuals with chronically low blood levels of potassium and
calcium may have an underlying problem with magnesium deficiency.
Magnesium supplements may help correct the potassium and calcium
deficiencies. Older adults are at increased risk for magnesium
deficiency. Seniors are also more likely to be taking drugs that
interact with magnesium. This combination of factors places older
adults at risk for magnesium deficiency. It is very important for
older adults to consume recommended amounts of dietary magnesium.
Symptoms of high intake Dietary magnesium is not harmful for the
health, however pharmacologic doses of magnesium in supplements can
promote adverse effects such as diarrhea and abdominal cramping.
Risk of magnesium toxicity increases with kidney failure, when the
kidney loses the ability to remove excess magnesium. Very large
doses of magnesium-containing laxatives and antacids also have been
associated with magnesium toxicity. Signs of excess magnesium can be
similar to magnesium deficiency and include changes in mental
status, nausea, diarrhea, appetite loss, muscle weakness, difficulty
breathing, extremely low blood pressure, and irregular heart beat.
Daily requirement: Not definitely known. Its presence in normal diet
is generally enough for its requirement in the body. Recent
recommendation is 350 mgm per day for adult males and 300 mgm per
day for adult females.
MALIC ACID
Malic acid is a natural substance found in fruit and vegetables -
one of the richest sources being apples. Malic acid is a natural
substance found in fruit and vegetables - one of the richest sources
being apples. It is also naturally present in your body's cells and
large amounts of it are formed and then eventually broken down again
on a daily basis. It possesses many health-related benefits such as
boosting immunity, maintaining oral health, reducing the risk of
poisoning from a build-up of toxic metals and promoting smoother and
firmer skin. However, one of its most significant benefits lies in
its ability to stimulate metabolism and increase energy production.
This action is linked to the important role it plays in a process
known as the Krebs cycle - named after Sir Hans Krebs, a German-born
British biochemist. Krebs won the Nobel price for physiology in 1953
for describing how a complex series of biochemical reactions takes
place within the body's cells to transform proteins, fat and
carbohydrates into water and energy. This process requires a
constant supply of vitamins, enzymes and chemical agents such as
malic acid, in order to keep it functioning properly 24 hours a day.
The Krebs cycle is vital to our very existence and without it energy
production would literally grind to a halt. Therefore it is
essential that you have adequate supplies of malic acid in order to
promote the efficient functioning of this cycle. 'Malic acid is
safe, inexpensive and it should be considered a valid therapeutic
approach for patients with CFS' In particular, malic acid's
involvement in the Krebs cycle means it plays an important role in
improving overall muscle performance, reversing muscle fatigue
following exercise, reducing tiredness and poor energy levels, as
well as improving mental clarity. These actions can make it a
beneficial treatment for sufferers of fibromyalgia (which involves
muscle pain, joint tenderness and poor energy levels) and Chronic
Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), which produces similar symptoms. According
to Dr Jay Goldstein, Director of the CFS Institute in the US: 'Malic
acid is safe, inexpensive and it should be considered a valid
therapeutic approach for patients with CFS'. In relation to
fibromyalgia, a six-month study was conducted by scientists working
at the Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science
Centre in the US, to examine the efficacy of 1,200mg of malic acid
plus 300mg of magnesium a day on 24 fibromyalgia sufferers. Half of
the patients were given the active treatment, while the other half
only received placebo. At the end of the study, all of the patients
treated with malic acid and magnesium experienced significant
improvements in their symptoms - including less pain, reduced muscle
stiffness and a more positive mental outlook - without any side
effects. Dr Russell, who led the team of scientists, concluded: 'The
data suggest that malic acid and magnesium are safe and may be
beneficial in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia. Future
studies should use malic acid at this dose and continue the therapy
for at least two months'.1 Malic acid has a diverse range of
beneficial actions In addition to increasing energy levels through
its involvement in the Krebs cycle, malic acid is also an effective
metal chelator. This means it is able to bind to potentially toxic
metals that may have accumulated in the body, such as aluminium or
lead, and inactivate them. As a result, the risk of toxicity is
considerably reduced, which is important as a heavy metal overload
has been linked to serious problems like liver disease and brain
disorders like Alzheimer's disease. Malic acid also helps maintain
oral hygiene. It stimulates the production of saliva, which reduces
the number of harmful bacteria circulating in your mouth, teeth and
gums. It acts as an antiseptic too, which also helps to ensure that
germs in the mouth are kept to a minimum and considerably reduces
the risk of infection.2 For these reasons, malic acid is commonly
used as an ingredient in mouthwashes and toothpastes. Not only that,
but malic acid is also important for maintaining good skin health.
It is classified as an 'alpha hydroxy acid' - a chemical term used
to describe fruit acids that are used in many cosmetics because of
their ability to help exfoliate the skin and act as mild chemical
face peels. These actions help your skin look healthier, younger and
firmer. For a natural face peel you can apply thin slices of apple
(as mentioned earlier, apples are one of the richest sources of
malic acid) directly onto your skin for 20 minutes and then wash off
with rose water. What to take for best results The recommended
dosage for malic acid is 600mg capsules taken one to three times a
day before food. There are no known contraindications or toxicity
linked to malic acid.3 Taking magnesium alongside malic acid seems
to have a much more pronounced effect on muscle fatigue. The
recommended dosage for magnesium citrate is 140mg capsules taken
twice a day.
PHOSPHOROUS
Phosphorus is
the second most abundant mineral in the body and 85% of it is found
in the bones. The rest of the body's phosphorus is found in the
blood, the fluid around and in cells, and in various organs like the
heart, kidneys, brain, and muscles, where it is involved in many
critical functions. Its main purpose is for building strong bones
and teeth, but practically every cell in the body uses this mineral.
Next to calcium, phosphorus is the body's 2nd most abundant mineral,
but it should be consumed in greater quantity. It functions mostly
with calcium, which it needs for proper utilization; a healthy
balance of calcium-phosphorus is 2:1. Phosphorus is found in every
cell of the body, but 80% of it is present in the bones and teeth.
It may be beneficial in the treatment of fractures, brittle bones,
rickets, and teeth and gum disorders. Older people need more
phosphorus because their systems generally do not absorb it too
well. Phosphorus is involved in virtually all-physiological chemical
reactions in the body, and calcium and Vitamin D are essential to
proper functioning of the phosphorus. This mineral protects and
strengthens cell membranes, assists other nutrients, hormones, and
chemicals in their bodily processes, and is necessary for normal
bone and tooth structure. Phosphorus is needed for healthy nerve
impulses, normal kidney functioning, and the utilization of
carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for growth, maintenance, and
repair of cells and for energy production. Phosphorus is a component
of DNA and RNA and serves in the preparation of glucose for energy
formation. Phosphorus plays a large part in many important chemical
reactions. It is associated with other important substances, such as
enzymes, proteins, and carbohydrates. Phosphorus is necessary for
all the muscles. Without phosphorus in our body we couldn’t even
lift an eyebrow or move a finger. Sources of phosphorus Some of the
important sources of phosphorus include Milk, yogurt, cottage
cheese, American cheese, pork, hamburger, tuna, lobster, chicken,
sunflower seeds, peanuts, pine nuts, peanut butter, bran flakes,
shredded wheat, whole wheat bread, noodles, rice, white bread,
potatoes, corn, peas, French fries, broccoli, milk chocolate and
soda beverages (due to the phosphoric acid added as a preservative).
Benefits of phosphorus Plays a part in nearly every chemical
reaction in the body and performs more functions than any other
mineral. Phosphorus is important for the growth, maintenance, and
repair of cells, and the production of energy. It provides energy
for muscle contractions and nerve impulses. It is involved in the
genetic transfer of hereditary traits. Phosphorus is also an
important component of phospholipids, which utilize fats and fatty
acids, maintain the pH level (acidity-alkalinity) of the blood, and
assist in the secretion of hormones. Some of the important functions
of phosphorus are: Builds strong bones and skeletal structure. Helps
with strong teeth, formation of tooth enamel, and healthy gums.
Helps maintain heart regularity. Provides energy and aids in
metabolization of fats and starches. Aids in growth and body repair.
Reduces pain of arthritis. May help speed recovery of burn victims.
May help in cancer prevention. Contributes towards good cell health.
Deficiency symptoms of phosphorus A deficiency in phosphorus is rare
but can result in weak or fragile bones, teeth, fatigue, weakness,
loss of appetite, joint pain and stiffness, confusion, less energy,
and a susceptibility to infections. A deficiency in the
calcium-phosphorus balance can lead to diseases like rickets,
arthritis, pyorrhea, and tooth decay. Antacids, too much iron or
magnesium depletes phosphorus levels. Symptoms of high intake Since
the body efficiently stores phosphorus, there is no known toxicity,
but long-term excessive use may result in the inhibiting of calcium
absorption. Daily requirement The RDA for phosphorus is 1000 mg.
Phosphorus is best taken as part of a multivitamin and mineral
supplement.
SELENIUM
Recently, more
value of the trace mineral selenium in regards to human health has
come to light. Current studies indicate this mineral can play an
important role in protecting the body from serious disease and
illness. Selenium works as an antioxidant with glutathione
peroxidase to prevent damage by free radicals. It is involved in the
metabolism of prostaglandin (hormone-like substances), which is used
by the body in various ways. Selenium detoxifies toxic metals
present in the body like arsenic and mercury. Selenium is one of the
most important micronutrients to include in a longevity minded
health regimen and is frequently cited by antiaging specialists as
an antioxidant that should be included on a life extension
checklist. Selenium is important in the body's continuing fight
against free radical cell damage. In the body, selenium is the
source of selenoproteins, which are crucial anti-oxidant enzymes
that protect cells from the damage of free radicals. Some research
has linked free radicals to certain types of heart disease and
cancer. This trace mineral is essential to many body functions and
can be found in every body cell, but especially in the kidneys,
liver, spleen, pancreas, and testes. In males, approximately half of
the body's selenium concentrates in the testicles and parts of the
seminal ducts around the prostate gland. In fact, selenium and
vitamin E, another powerful antioxidant, are synergists, meaning
they each improve the efficiency of the other. Some studies indicate
that selenium can be useful in the treatment of acne, while other
research indicates that it may be useful in repairing chromosome
damage. It may counteract heavy metals and other contaminants that
find their way into the body. Selenium may also help in the
prevention of undesired and dangerous blood clots. The amount of
selenium provided by plant sources depends a great deal on the soil
quality in which the plants were grown. Poor soil will yield plants
that may not provide the correct levels of selenium. Those who
follow a vegetarian diet, particularly a vegan diet, must be
extremely vigilant in making sure they consume enough selenium in
their daily diets. Sources of selenium Some natural sources of
selenium are Brazil nuts, garlic, fish, red meat, and grains. Other
sources of selenium are Lobster, tuna, shrimp, oysters, herring,
liver, egg, ham, beef, bacon, chicken, lamb, veal, oats, brown rice,
garlic, broccoli, wheat germ, whole grains, mushrooms, red grapes,
and sesame seeds. Benefits of selenium The trace mineral selenium
functions primarily as a component of the antioxidant enzyme
glutathione peroxidase (GP), which works with vitamin E in
preventing free radical damage to cell membranes. The development of
cataracts is ultimately related to free-radical damage. The lens of
the eye requires adequate levels of SOD, catalase, and GP. Studies
have demonstrated that low selenium levels have been found in
cataract sufferers. Selenium is involved with the production of
thyroid hormone. Selenium's involvement in the production of
glutathione peroxidase affects all aspects of immunity. Selenium
supplementation results in augmentation and/or restoration of immune
function, stimulating white blood cell and thymus function. Selenium
supplementation appears to increase HDL to LDL cholesterol and
inhibit platelet aggregation (blood stickiness). The overall
benefits on the cardiovascular system stem from the antioxidant
effects of glutathione peroxidase. Some studies indicate that
selenium can be useful in the treatment of acne, while other
research indicates that it may be useful in repairing chromosome
damage. Selenium and GP levels are low in inflammatory conditions
such as rheumatoid arthritis, eczema, and psoriasis. GP is
especially important in reducing inflammatory prostaglandins and
leukotrienes. Selenium may also help in the prevention of undesired
and dangerous blood clots. Selenium has been shown to be essential
for normal fetal growth and development. Selenium levels also appear
to be very low in low birth weight babies. Selenium also helps in
treatment and prevention of dandruff. Deficiency symptoms of
selenium Although deficiencies in this mineral are rare, a
deficiency in selenium may contribute to the development of cancer
and heart disease, immune problems, inflammatory conditions mostly
of the skin, muscular weakness and fatigue. Researchers have found
three debilitating diseases that are directly related to serious
selenium deficiency. These include Myxedematous Endemic Cretinism,
Keshan Disease, and Kashin-Beck Disease. Symptoms of high intake
Large amounts can be toxic, and selenium supplements, like any other
dietary supplement, should be kept well out of the reach of
children. Toxicity symptoms may include nervousness, depression,
nausea, vomiting, garlic odor to breath, perspiration, loss of hair
and fingernails, discolored skin, weakness, and liver damage. Daily
requirement The RDA for selenium is 55-70 mcg, and recommendations
include 50-200 mcg. Selenium can be toxic in high dosages, but for
short-term use recommendations range from 300-600 mcg, and for long
time use dosage should be no more than 300-400 mcg per day.
COPPER
The amount of copper in an adult body is estimated to be between
100-150mg. Copper is widely distributed in nature. Even poor diets
provide enough copper for human needs. Deficiency of excess of this
element is rare. Hypocupraemia occurs in patients with nephrosis,
Wilson’s disease and protein energy malnutrition and in infants fed
for long periods exclusively on cow’s milk. Neutropenia is the
best-documented abnormality of copper deficiency. Hypercupremia may
reflect excessive intake, which may result from eating food prepared
in copper cooking vessels, or it may be associated with several
acute and chronic infections (leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease, severe
anemia, hemochromatosis, myocardial infarction and hyperthyroidism.
Liver is the main store of copper. Minute amount is present in the
blood. In normal serum, a copper containing globulin ceruloplasmin
has been found to occur. Copper content of the brain and liver of
fetus and infants is much greater that that of adult. This high
storage is useful to prevent deficiency in the suckling period as
found in the case of iron. Copper acts as a catalyst in the
formation of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying blood component. The
highest concentrations in the body tissue are found in the liver and
certain areas of the central nervous system, particularly the brain.
Copper is stored in the liver and excreted in bile salts. Minerals
including copper must be bound to a protein to be usable.
Biounavailable means the mineral is present, but in a form that is
unsuitable for the body. Copper comes in two forms, copper gluconate
and copper sulfate. Copper is a trace element that is found in
virtually every cell of the human body. It is a primary element in
the production of melanin in the human body. Melanin is responsible
for pigmentation in the eyes, hair and skin. Copper is active in
many ways in the human body. It is a powerful antioxidant, which
acts on the body to remove free radicals and help prevent cell
structure damage. It is also thought to have anticarcinogenic
properties, and unlike the copper bracelets sold as an arthritis
cure, copper inside the body can help to alleviate some arthritis
pain. In the human body, copper assists the utilization of iron. The
copper balance is the body can be upset by extremely high intakes of
high fiber diets, iron or vitamin C, all of which interfere with the
way the body metabolizes the copper. Prolonged intake of zinc, which
is at a ratio greater than ten to one of intake of copper, can also
interfere with absorption and metabolism in the body. Sources of
copper Food sources of copper includes whole grain cereals, Legumes,
Oysters, Organ meats, Cherries, Dark chocolate, Fruits, Leafy green
vegetables, Nuts, Poultry, Prunes, soybeans, Tofu, Organ meats,
Shellfish, Nuts, legumes. Benefits of copper Helps oxidize glucose
and release energy. Helps the body absorb iron. Aids the thyroid
gland in balancing and secreting hormones. Carries oxygen in the
blood stream. Supplies the body’s tissues with oxygen Increases the
body’s energy levels. Aids in nerve and brain function. Needed for
the functioning of the amino acid, tyrosine. Essential for making
red blood cells. Helps the body absorb iron. Helps tyrosine work as
a pigment factor Helps supply oxygen to the brain. Enzyme component
Necessary for the synthesis of the hormone adrenaline. Associated
with intestinal enzyme activity. Acts as a brain stimulant Copper
antagonizes manganese ions. Copper level in the body parallels
estrogen levels. Copper is a natural yeast fighter Copper improves
epinephrine, nor epinephrine and dopamine. Low copper causes the
cells to suffocate and lack oxygen. Deficiency symptoms of copper
Deficiency of copper leads to depletion of oxygen in the cells,
Lowered levels of HDL cholesterol, Skin problems, Swollen ankles,
Anemia, low copper levels linked to low enkephalins produced in the
brain. Other symptoms of copper deficiency include auditory
hallucinations, Depression, Binge eaters have been found to have
lower levels. Symptoms of high intake High intake of copper may lead
to headaches, Hypoglycemia, Increased heart rate, and nausea. Copper
deposits in the brain and liver, Damage to the kidneys, Inhibit
urine production, causes anemia, Causes hair loss in women. High
copper interferes with zinc, which is needed to manufacture
digestive enzymes. Many high copper people dislike protein and are
drawn to high-carbohydrate diets because they have difficulty
digesting protein foods. Excessive copper in children is associated
with hyperactive behavior, learning disorders such as dyslexia, ADD
and infections such as ear. Psychological symptoms of high copper
leads to autism type symptoms such as depression, Hallucinations,
Hyperactivity, Insomnia, Paranoia, Personality changes, Psychosis,
Schizophrenic type symptoms, Over stimulation, Disperception of the
senses, time, body, self and others. Produces hypomanic states.
Daily requirement Recommended intakes of copper vary, but the common
agreement among professionals seems to be between 2 to 3 milligrams
daily, most of which is obtained from dietary sources. Of course,
before starting any form of supplementation one should consult
medical practitioner. Some important points Menkes’ syndrome is a
hereditary disorder causing copper deficiency. Symptoms: kinky hair,
mental retardation, and low copper level in the blood and a failure
to synthesize the enzymes that require copper. Wilson’s Disease is a
condition that causes copper to accumulate in the tissues and cause
extensive damage. Affects 1 in 30,000 people. The liver does not
secrete copper into the blood or excrete copper into the bile. Low
blood levels, high in the brain, eyes and liver causes cirrhosis.
First symptoms: brain damage, tremors, headaches, inability to
speak, in coordination and psychosis.
MANGANESE
Manganese is a
micronutrient that we do not know much about. But manganese, which
has antioxidant, free-radical-fighting properties, is important for
proper food digestion and for normal bone structure . Manganese is a
trace mineral that helps the body convert protein and fat to energy.
It also promotes normal bone growth, helps maintain healthy
reproductive, nervous, and immune systems, and is involved in blood
sugar regulation. In addition, manganese is involved in blood
clotting and the formation of cartilage and lubricating fluid in the
joints. Manganese is found in large quantities in plants and
animals, but very little of this element is found in human tissue.
In fact, the importance of manganese to good health wasn’t realized
until the 1970s, when the first manganese deficiency was recorded.
Although researchers today are still studying this mineral, they
know it has antioxidant properties and is needed to activate a
number of enzymes that allow the body to digest food. Manganese
helps the body absorb vitamin B1 (thiamine) and vitamin E and works
with all B-complex vitamins to combat depression, anxiety, and other
nervous disorders. Manganese is predominantly stored in the bones,
liver, kidney, and pancreas. It is not yet known exactly how
magnesium in absorbed in the body, although its availability seems
to be tied in some way to iron absorption; increased amounts of iron
in the diet usually coincide with decreased manganese levels. This
is probably why men, who usually have higher iron levels than women,
generally absorb less manganese. Taking magnesium supplements has
also been shown to inhibit manganese absorption. Manganese is also
linked to decreased super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity in white
blood cells, which leaves the body more vulnerable to the damaging
effects of free radicals. Manganese not only increases the
effectiveness of vitamin E and B vitamins, but supplements have been
shown to increase the effectiveness of glucosamine supplements,
which have been helpful to some people suffering from arthritis.
Sources of manganese Good natural sources of manganese include
avocados, nuts and seeds, seaweed, tea, raisins, pineapple, spinach,
broccoli, oranges, beans, whole grains, blueberries, egg yolks,
dried peas, and green leafy vegetables. Many herbs also contain
manganese, such as alfalfa, burdock root, chamomile, dandelion,
fenugreek, ginseng, hops, horsetail, lemongrass, parsley,
peppermint, wild yam, and raspberry. Benefits of manganese Manganese
can help reduce fatigue levels, prevent the incidence and severity
of osteoporosis, and even improve memory. It exerts a similar but
less pronounced effect like copper in the synthesis of hemoglobin.
Some workers believe that hypo chromic anemia is best treated by a
combination of Fe, Cu and Mn. It has some role in normal
reproductive physiology. Manganese has been reported to reduce heavy
menstrual flows and improve thyroid function (thyroid function is
dependent on a balance of manganese and iodine, and a shortage of
either could cause hypothyroidism). Mn ions activate many enzymes
viz. arginase, phosphoglucomutase, muscle adenosine triphosphate,
choline esterase, hexokinase etc. The trace mineral manganese
functions primarily as a component of the antioxidant enzyme
superoxide dismutase (SOD). SOD prevents the damaging effects of the
super oxide free radical from destroying cellular components.
Manganese is a popular remedy for strains, sprains and inflammation
due to its ability to increase the level or activity of SOD thus
increasing antioxidant activity. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis
or other inflammatory conditions have an increased need for
manganese. Manganese plays an important role in cerebral function
because it is an essential metal for glucose utilisation within the
brain and in neurotransmitter control. Deficiency symptoms of
manganese Manganese deficiency had been linked to infertility, bone
malformation, weakness, seizures, atherosclerosis, confusion,
convulsions, eye problems, hearing problems, heart disorders, high
cholesterol levels, hypertension, irritability, memory loss, muscle
contractions, pancreatic damage, profuse perspiration, rapid pulse,
tooth grinding, tremors, and osteoporosis. Low levels of manganese
have been observed in epileptic patients. Those with the lowest
levels of manganese have been found to exhibit the highest seizure
activity. Daily requirement There is no Recommended Dietary
Allowance (RDA) for manganese, but 2.5 to 5.0 milligrams is safe and
recommended for all those 11 years and older.
CHROMIUM
Chromium is
widely distributed in the earth’s crust. In general, food appears to
be the major source of intake. The absorption of chromium after oral
exposure is relatively low and depends on the oxidation state. Total
body content of chromium is small; less than 6-mg. current interests
in chromium is based on the occurrences of unusual glucose tolerance
curves that are responsive to chromium. Thus there is suggestive
evidence that chromium plays a role in relation to carbohydrates and
insulin function. Chromium helps to prevent and lower high blood
pressure. It can also deter diabetes because it works with insulin
in the metabolism of blood sugar. This trace mineral helps transport
protein where it is needed in your body. Chromium is stored
principally in the kidneys, spleen and testes, with trace amounts
found in the heart, lungs, pancreas and brain. The body cannot
easily absorb chromium. Chromium helps the body regulate metabolism,
and regulate insulin and blood sugar levels. Chromium helps the body
lose weight by stimulating enzymes that metabolize glucose for
energy. It plays an important role in the liver synthesis of fatty
acids (burns fat). When the body is deficient in chromium, twice the
amount of time is needed for insulin to remove glucose from the
blood. Chromium enhances insulin performance and glucose utilization
and helps carry proteins. Chromium works best if taken before meals.
Refined sugar causes the body to deplete chromium more rapidly.
Strenuous exercise can also deplete chromium levels. The elderly are
unable to store as much chromium in the body as are younger people.
Sources of chromium Natural sources of chromium are corn oil,
cloves, whole grain cereals, meat, and brewer’s yeast. Optimal level
can be obtained from dietary sources. Benefits of chromium Chromium
enhances insulin performance and glucose utilization and helps carry
proteins. Chromium works best if taken before meals. Chromium helps
the body regulate metabolism, and regulate insulin and blood sugar
levels. Chromium helps the body lose weight by stimulating enzymes
that metabolize glucose for energy. It plays an important role in
the liver synthesis of fatty acids (burns fat). Chromium helps to
prevent and lower high blood pressure. It can also deter diabetes
because it works with insulin in the metabolism of blood sugar. This
trace mineral helps transport protein where it is needed in your
body. It also helps to improve glucose uptake in elderly people when
loss comes as natural result of aging. It may help to prevent
hardening of the arteries. Deficiency symptoms of chromium Some of
the important deficiency symptoms of chromium are * Anxiety *
Hyperinsulinism * Attention Deficit Disorder (A.D.D) * Hypoglycemia
* Aortic cholesterol plaque * Hyperactivity * Arteriosclerosis *
Impaired growth * Bi-polar disease * Infertility, decreased sperm
count * Coronary blood vessel disease * Obesity * Depression *
Pre-diabetes * Diabetes * Peripheral neuropathy * High blood
cholesterol Most people get only about half the level of chromium
that nutritionists recommend. Daily requirement There is no RDA for
chromium. When the body is deficient in chromium, twice the amount
of time is needed for insulin to remove glucose from the blood. The
refining of starches and carbohydrates robs foods of chromium.
MOLYBDENUM
Molybdenum is
a trace mineral found in most plant and animal tissues. Molybdenum
is an essential cofactor for many of the enzymes involved in protein
synthesis and the mobilization or iron use in the body. Most people
are not deficient in this mineral if the food they eat comes from
nutrient-rich soil. Molybdenum is needed by humans in very small
amounts. The Swedish scientist, Peter Hjelm in 1781, discovered
molybdenum three years after Carl Scheele proposed that a previously
unknown element could be found in the mineral molybdenite.
Molybdenum helps with metabolism of fats and carbohydrates. It plays
an important role in the enzyme process for the use of iron in the
body, by mobilizing iron from the liver reserves. Molybdenum is
absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and excreted in the urine.
It helps prevent anemia and enhance general feeling of well-being.
Molybdenum in nutritional supplements is in the form of either
sodium molybdate or ammonium molybdate. Molybdenum in food is
principally in the form of the organic molybdenum cofactors. The
efficiency of absorption of nutritional supplement forms of
molybdenum ranges from 88% to 93%, and the efficiency of absorption
of molybdenum from foods ranges from about 57% to 88%. Absorption of
molybdenum occurs rapidly from the stomach as well as the small
intestine. Following absorption, molybdenum is transported via the
portal circulation to the liver and via the systemic circulation to
the other tissues of the body. Molybdate is carried in the blood
bound to alpha-macro globulin and by adsorption to erythrocytes. The
liver and kidney retain the highest amounts of molybdenum. Within
cells, molybdenum participates in the formation of the molybdenum
cofactor. Molybdenum is excreted in the urine as molybdate. Some
molybdenum is excreted in the bile. Excretion, rather than
absorption, is the principal homeostatic mechanism for molybdenum.
Sources of molybdenum Some natural sources of molybdenum are Meats,
whole grains, buckwheat, barley, wheat germ, legumes, lima beans,
canned beans and lentils, sunflower seeds, and dark green leafy
vegetables Benefits of molybdenum Molybdenum acts as a necessary
coenzyme required for alcohol detoxification, known as aldehyde
oxidase. Low molybdenum levels may lead to increased allergic
reactions to sulfites, preservatives commonly used in salad bars to
prevent growth of micro-organisms. Molybdenum deficiency has been
implicated in various types of cancer, particularly esophageal
cancer. Population studies show a correlation between areas of high
molybdenum intake and a low rate of tooth decay. It has been shown
that molybdenum and fluoride added to drinking water may be more
effective than fluoride alone. Wilsons diseaseis a hereditary
disorder characterised by increased storage of copper resulting in
damage to the liver and brain. Molybdenum is beneficial in this
disorder as it forms a complex with copper and protein and can block
copper absorption from the intestine or render blood copper
non-toxic. It also helps to prevent anaemia. It promotes the sense
of well-being. May protect against stomach and esophagus cancers.
Aids in the metabolization of fats and carbohydrates. Deficiency
symptoms of molybdenum Deficiency of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco)
causes a severe disease in humans that usually results in premature
death in early childhood and is inherited as an autosomal recessive
trait. All of the Moco-dependent enzymes—xanthine dehydrogenase,
sulfite oxidase and aldehyde oxidase—are affected. Moco deficiency
is rare. Additional signs of this combined enzyme deficiency, are
severe neurological abnormalities, dislocated ocular lenses, mental
retardation, increased urinary excretion of sulfite, thiosulfate, S-sulfocysteine,
taurine, hypoxanthine and xanthine, and reduced serum and urine
levels of sulfate and urate. Isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency is
also known. This is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder presenting
at birth with seizures, severe neurologic disease and lens
subluxation. Inadequate intake of molybdenum may lead to premature
aging and impotence in older men. Symptoms of high intake Toxicity
is rare, but symptoms produced may include stiffness and swelling of
the joints, stunted bone growth, diarrhea and anemia. High intake of
molybdenum is antagonistic to copper and can produce a condition in
animals known as molybdenosis. Daily requirement The RDA for
molybdenum is 75 mcg, and recommended use varies from 75-500 mcg.
CHLORIDE
Chloride is one of the most important minerals in the blood, along
with sodium, potassium, and calcium. Chloride helps keep the amount
of fluid inside and outside of cells in balance. It also helps
maintain proper blood volume, blood pressure, and pH of body fluids.
Food Sources of Chloride Chloride is found in table salt as well as
kelp, olives, tomatoes, celery etc. Benefits and Functions of
Chloride Chloride is essential for the proper distribution of carbon
dioxide and the maintenance of osmotic pressure in the tissues. It
is necessary for the manufacture of glandular hormone secretions. It
prevents the building of excessive fat and autointoxication.
Chloride regulates the alkali-acid balance in the blood. It works,
with potassium in a compound form. Potassium chloride is also
essential for the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach,
which is needed for proper protein digestion. It is involved in the
maintenance of proper fluid and electrolyte balance in the system.
Dosage What are the deficiency symptoms of Chloride? Deficiency of
chloride can occur when sodium chloride is restricted during the
active phase of general oedema or hypertension. The symptoms
produced are the same as those which occur with sodium chloride
deficiency. Excessive loss of salt from the body due to perspiration
can result in heat cramps . Deficiency may lead to loss of hair and
teeth . It may also result in impaired digestion of foods and
derangement of fluid levels in the body. Overdosage Signs of
Chloride A high concentration of chloride in the body may result in
fluid retention, but sodium is normally the culprit for the
retention.
POTASSIUM
Potassium is the third most abundant mineral in the body and is
considered an electrolyte. The human body has about a 4 1/2 ounce
supply and most of it is located inside muscle cells. Phosphorus
serves as the ionic counterpart to other electrolytes sodium and
chloride, and needs a balance of these minerals for many essential
body functions. Potassium assists in muscle contractions and in
maintaining appropriate levels of fluid and the electrolyte balance
in the body cells. It is critical to maintaining a normal heartbeat
or heart rhythm. Studies have shown that potassium may help to
prevent high blood pressure and may enhance the effect of
antihypertensive medications. Both physical and mental stress can
lead to a deficiency in potassium. Alcohol, coffee, and sugar
deplete potassium levels in the body. Potassium is one of the
electrolytes we all require to maintain health. Potassium also
functions in the conduction of nerve impulses and enables the body
to convert glucose into energy, which is then stored in reserve by
the muscles and liver. It is to be noted that when whole blood is
stored at 2-4 0C, as for the purpose of blood transfusion, potassium
from corpuscles migrate into plasma in which the potassium
concentration rises. Such a sample of blood, if administered, may
produce serious effects. Metabolism of potassium is controlled
probably by adrenal cortex, either directly or indirectly by
regulating sodium metabolism. 2-3 gm is excreted through the urine
per day, which varies with the amount of intake. In potassium
deficiency kidneys reabsorb more. With high meat diet and in the
later stages of fasting, when tissues are breaking down, potassium
excretion rises. Taking everything together serum potassium rises,
due to less excretion by the kidneys and more leakage from the
tissue cells. In intestinal obstruction serum potassium rises as a
terminal event. In shock the same picture is seen. If a person
suffers from kidney stones, he might benefit from increasing high
potassium containing foods in his diet to supply more potassium to
body, as higher potassium levels have proved helpful in preventing
kidney stones. Sources of potassium Some important sources of
potassium are Potato, winter squash, tomato, celery, carrots,
broccoli, watercress, avocado, banana, oranges, orange juice,
raisins, watermelon, cantaloupe, prunes, fish, hamburger, lamb,
pork, chicken, bran cereal, wheat flakes cereal, yogurt, milk, salt
substitutes, and sunflower seeds. Benefits of potassium * It is
needed for growth, building muscles, transmission of nerve impulses,
heart activity etc. * It sends oxygen to the brain to facilitate
mental clarity. * It also helps to lower blood pressure. * It also
decreases risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke. *
It also helps to dispose of body wastes. * Aids in allergy
treatment. * Reduces pain of arthritis. * Conducts nerve impulses
and initiates muscle contractions. * Regulates heartbeat. Potassium
ions inhibit cardiac contraction and prolong relaxation. * It is
intimately concerned with the development of potential difference
with the help of which an impulse is conducted through the nerve.
Deficiency symptoms of potassium A deficiency in potassium is not
common, but symptoms of a deficiency may include weakness, irregular
heartbeat, and failure to replace low levels of potassium could lead
to heart failure. Most cases of deficiency can be related to use of
some diuretics, or prolonged bouts of vomiting or diarrhea. There is
scarring of heart muscle, hypertrophy of kidneys, paralysis of
muscle and retarded bone growth. Bones become fragile excessively.
Both sexes may be sterile. Symptom of high intake Toxicity is rare
but people who have kidney disease or who have high blood pressure
should consult with their doctor before taking. Symptoms of too much
potassium might include, nausea, muscle fatigue, or irregular
heartbeat. When more is needed Potassium is easily lost in the
urine, and if a large amount of salt is ingested, it may be wise to
take a potassium supplement. If a person suffers from vomiting,
diarrhea or extreme sweating he may require more potassium or if
diet includes mostly processed foods, large amounts of caffeine,
alcohol, or if one take diuretic pills or laxatives. If a person
suffers from diabetes, or suffer from kidney problems he should not
take a potassium supplement without the consent of medical
physician. Daily requirement The RDA for potassium is 3500 mg, and
recommended dosages range from 1875-5625 mg per day.
CHOLINE
Choline is a fat emulsifying member
of the B-family of vitamins. It works together with Inositol. It is
the rare ability to pass through the blood-brain barrier, and in
doing so, helps the brain produce memory enhancing chemicals.
What Choline does
Choline is very useful to the liver
by helping it rid the body of drugs and toxins. It also stops
cholesterol build-up. It even increases the accuracy of nerve
impulses.
Signs of Choline deficiency There
can be several bad consequences that result from not getting enough
Choline. Clogging and hardening of the arteries and degeneration of
the liver are key signs of a deficiency. Cirrhosis and Alzheimer's
are also possible conditions that can develop.
Food containing Choline Meat such
as brain, kidney meat, liver, and heart all contain Choline. It is
also found in wheat germ, yeast, leafy vegetables, and egg yolks.
Taking Choline B-complex vitamins
tend not to have enough Choline in them. They usually contain 50 mg.
when the average adult should intake about 500 mg. There is no known
toxicity level or harmful effects for Choline.
Inhibitors of Choline Sulfa drugs
tend to inhibit Choline. It also has the enemies Alcohol, Estrogen,
and water. Food processing has an adverse eefect on it as well.
CRYPTOXANTHIN
Cryptoxanthin is a natural
carotenoid
